來(lái)源:網(wǎng)絡(luò)資源 作者:中考網(wǎng)整理 2019-12-10 17:33:47
There is a bridge over the river.
We flew above the clouds.
They put some flowers on the teacher’s desk.
3)across, through
across和through均可表示“從這一邊到另一邊”,但用法不同。Across的含義與on有關(guān),表示動(dòng)作在某一物體的表面進(jìn)行。Throgh的含義與in有關(guān),表示動(dòng)作是在三維空間進(jìn)行。例如:
The dog ran across the grass.
The boy swam across the river.
They walked through the forest.
I pushed through the crowds.
4) in front of, in the front of
in front of 表示“在某人或某物的前面”,在某個(gè)范圍以外;in the front of 表示“在……的前部”,在某個(gè)范圍以內(nèi)。例如:
There are some tall trees in front of the building.
The teacher is sitting in the front of the classroom.
3. 介詞的固定搭配
介詞往往同其他詞類形成了固定搭配關(guān)系。記住這種固定搭配關(guān)系,才能正確使用介詞。
(1)介詞與動(dòng)詞的搭配
listen to , laugh at, get to, look for wait for, hear from, turn on, turn off, worry about, think of, look after, spend…on…, 等。
(2)介詞與名詞的搭配
on time, in time, by bus, on foot, with pleasure, on one’s way to, in trouble, at breakfast, at the end of, in the end等。
(3)介詞與形容詞的搭配
be late for, be afraid of, be good at, be interested in, be angry with, be full of, be sorry for等。
4. 連詞的功能
用來(lái)連接詞,短語(yǔ),從句或句子的詞叫連詞。連詞是一種虛詞,在句中不能單獨(dú)使用。連詞可分為兩類:并列連詞和從屬連詞。
5. 并列連詞
并列連詞用來(lái)連接具有并列關(guān)系的詞,短語(yǔ)或句子。常見(jiàn)的并列連詞有:
(1)表并列關(guān)系的and, both…and, not only…but also, neither…nor等。
(2)表選擇關(guān)系的or, either…or等。
(3)表轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系的but, while等。
(4)表因果關(guān)系的for, so等。
6. 從屬連詞
從屬連詞用來(lái)引導(dǎo)從句。常見(jiàn)的從屬連詞有:
(1)引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句的after, before, when, while, as, until, till, since, as soon as等。(2)引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句的if, unless等。
(3)引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句的because, as, since等。
(4)引導(dǎo)目的狀語(yǔ)從句的so that, in order that等。
(5)引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句的though, although, even if等。
(6)引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句的so that, so…that, such…that等。
(7)引導(dǎo)比較狀語(yǔ)從句的than, as…as等。
(8)引導(dǎo)名詞從句的that, if , whether等。
7. 常用連詞的用法辨析
(1) while, when, as
這三個(gè)連詞都可引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句,但用法有所不同。
1) 當(dāng)某事正在進(jìn)行的時(shí)候,又發(fā)生了另一件事。While, when, as 都可用來(lái)引導(dǎo)表示“背景”的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。例如:
As/When/While I was walking down the street I noticed a police car.
2) 當(dāng)兩個(gè)長(zhǎng)動(dòng)作同時(shí)進(jìn)行的時(shí)候,最常用的是while。例如:
While mother was cooking lunch, I was doing my homework.
3) 當(dāng)兩個(gè)動(dòng)作都表示發(fā)展變化的情況時(shí),最常用的是as。例如:
As children get older, they become more and more interested in things around them.
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