主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)與被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的轉(zhuǎn)換9大注意事項(xiàng)

1.主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，主語(yǔ)變?yōu)榻橄翟~by的賓語(yǔ)，賓語(yǔ)變?yōu)橹髡Z(yǔ)，人稱(chēng)代名詞的格也要變化。

Peter, I heard he was hit by you. (被)

Peter, I heard you hit him. (主)

彼得，我聽(tīng)說(shuō)你打了他。

I hit him.(主)

He was hit by me. (被)

我打了他。

2.主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，句子的時(shí)態(tài)保持不變。

I will give him a pen.(主)

He will be given a pen by me.(被)

我將給他一支筆。

3.一些與格動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)有兩種形式;另一些與格動(dòng)詞如：write, make, bring等的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)則只能以直接賓語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ)。

A toy was given to Tom by me. (被)

Tom was given a toy by me. (被)

I will give Tom a toy. (主)

我給湯姆一個(gè)玩具。

Tom gave me a pen.(主)

A pen was given to me by Tom.(被)

I was given a pen by Tom.(被)

湯姆給我一枝筆。

A big cake was brought to me by you. (被)

You brought me a big cake. (主)

你帶給我一個(gè)大蛋糕。

She wrote me a letter.(主)

A letter was written to me by her.(被)

她給我寫(xiě)了一封信。

write當(dāng)述語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，在此只能用直接賓語(yǔ)letter當(dāng)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的主語(yǔ)。

4.在感官動(dòng)詞或使役動(dòng)詞后作補(bǔ)語(yǔ)的原形動(dòng)詞，在被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中用不定詞。

You were heard to talk with Peter. (被)

I heard you talk with Peter. (主)

我聽(tīng)到你和彼得談話。

I saw her come out of the classroom.(主)

She was seen to come out of the classroom by me.(被)

我看見(jiàn)她出了教室。

5.主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中如用people, somebody等作主語(yǔ)，被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中可省略賓語(yǔ)。

People eat watermelons in the summer.(主)

Watermelons are eaten in the summer.(被)

在夏天吃西瓜。

6.否定句的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中，not放在第一個(gè)助動(dòng)詞后。

I should not be blamed by you. (被)

You should not blame me. (主)

你不應(yīng)該責(zé)怪我。

You should not write this letter.(主)

This letter should not be written by you.(被)

你不應(yīng)該寫(xiě)這封信。

7.疑問(wèn)句的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中，用BE的對(duì)應(yīng)形式代替DO。

Does she drive this car?(主)

Is this car driven by her?(被)

她開(kāi)這輛車(chē)嗎?

What shall we do next?(主)

What will be done by us next?(被)

我們下一步做什么?

8.祈使句的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)形式為：let+賓語(yǔ)+be+過(guò)去分詞。

Open the door please.(主)

Let the door be opened please.(被)

請(qǐng)開(kāi)門(mén)。

9.主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中有復(fù)合人稱(chēng)代名詞時(shí)，被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的形式為:主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的主語(yǔ)+BE+過(guò)去分詞。

Tom was hurt. (被)

Tom hurt himself. (主)

湯姆自己受的傷。

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